What does the suffix '-pathy' denote in medical terminology?

The suffix '-pathy' is derived from the Greek word 'pathos,' meaning 'suffering' or 'disease.' In medical terminology, it is used to indicate a disease or disorder of a particular part of the body. For example, in terms like 'neuropathy,' it refers specifically to a disease affecting the nerves. This suffix is instrumental in forming words that describe various medical conditions, and it provides a clear indication of the presence of disease or suffering in the context of the term.

In contrast, the other options reflect different medical concepts. An abnormal increase would typically be represented by suffixes like '-emia' or '-hyper,' indicating issues such as excessive levels of certain substances. A digestive issue might be described with terms including 'gastro-' or 'enteropathy,' which specify the gastrointestinal system rather than just denoting a disease broadly. Finally, a severe condition is often referred to with terms that imply severity, such as 'severe' or '-itis,' which is used for inflammatory conditions. Hence, '-pathy' is distinct in its specific reference to disease.